Mental Illness and Abusive Behavior in Relationships

It's important to take note of how mental illness can be associated with childhood trauma and learned maladaptive behaviors, but how much of those symptoms...

It's important to take note of how mental illness can be associated with childhood trauma and learned maladaptive behaviors, but how much of those symptoms are attributed to abusive behavior, if at all? It is important to note the distinction between the two that abuse is a learned behavior that comes in many forms. It can be social, economic, physical, spiritual, sexual, racial, and ability-based.

Mental Illness is symptoms experienced that we are not necessarily in control of and can choose to cope with, whereas behavior we are always in control of.

Mental Illnesses as Manipulation

Having a mental illness can also be an emotional manipulation tactic used by abusers.

They essentially receive a 'label' by a mental health professional and automatically believe it excuses them from accountability and responsibility for their past and or current abusive behaviors. It can also be used to gaslight victims and survivors into thinking "that wasn't the person being abusive, it was their mental illness,' which can then lead them back into an abusive relationship they may have previously departed from.

Examples of Mental Illness where Abusive Behavior can be Inextricably Linked

Common mental illness diagnoses where abusive behavior is common are:

  • Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder,
  • Bipolar Disorder,
  • Narcissistic Personality Disorder,
  • Anti-Social Personality Disorder,
  • and Borderline Personality Disorder as well as general anxiety and depression.

While these are serious mental health conditions, it is important to continue to be mindful that mental illness is not a direct cause of abusive behavior. Someone can be angry, sad, or manic and still behave kindly towards their partner, friend, etc.

Mental illness in relationships

Hiding the Behavior

A lot of times in social settings, abusive partners are very skilled at behaving in ways that do not exemplify or indicate their behaviors that they engage in at home when it is just them and their partner. This can increase difficulty in the victim/survivor receiving validation for their experiences, and if mental illness is present, a lot of times the blame is assuaged onto the diagnosis.

"Oh since your partner is Bipolar, they are probably just manic right now. I would just be extra careful what you say or do so they don't become irritable with you."

Unfortunately, these statements from family and friends can be all too common and further blur the lines between abusive behavior and mental illness.

Understanding the Differences

If your partner has diagnosed with a mental illness and engages in behavior such as

  • name-calling,
  • gaslighting,
  • controlling what you do, wear, who you see
  • etc.

It is important to be mindful of separating those behaviors from emotions/symptoms like irritability, hopelessness, apathy, excessive worrying.People can experience those emotions and symptoms without engaging in the above behaviors, especially if it is a partner or friend who is exclusively targeting you and no one else.

Resources

For anyone suspecting that they might be in an abusive relationship, there is an excellent resource in the form of a book entitled, "Why Does He Do That?" by Lundy Bancroft.

If you decide to purchase this book, it is important to make sure your partner does not know about it as it could lead to them to read it in order to manipulate/gaslight or endanger physical safety if you are experiencing physical abuse as well.

Tessa is a great resource in Colorado Springs for those currently experiencing domestic violence/abuse or who have past experiences of it.

Author

Jennifer Luttman, LPC, ACS

I am a Licensed Professional Counselor, and owner of Overcomers Counseling. I'm dedicated to helping individuals find strength and healing through life’s challenges. With a deep understanding of mental health and years of professional experience, I specialize in fostering hope and resilience while equipping her clients with tools to thrive. Passionate about empowering others, she creates a safe, supportive space where everyone feels seen, valued, and capable of overcoming obstacles on their path to well-being.

Common Questions

Questions about Marriage

How long does it take to overcome overthinking in relationships?

The time it takes to overcome overthinking will vary depending on each individual's situation. Some people may see improvement after just a few sessions with a therapist, while others may need more time to work through underlying issues that contribute to their overthinking patterns. The important thing is to be patient with yourself and stay committed to taking steps toward overcoming overthinking in your relationship.

Can trust be rebuilt if it is damaged in a relationship?

Yes, trust can often be rebuilt if it is damaged in a relationship. This process may take some time and effort, but it is possible to regain trust.

How can mindfulness help me overcome overthinking?

Mindfulness is the practice of being present in the moment and focusing on what's happening right now. When we're caught up in overthinking, our minds are often stuck ruminating on the past or worrying about the future. Practicing mindfulness techniques like meditation or deep breathing exercises can help bring us back into the present moment and reduce feelings of anxiety and stress.

Can talking to my partner help me overcome overthinking?

Yes! Communicating openly and honestly with your partner can help you gain perspective and understanding about any concerns or worries you may have. It can also help build trust and strengthen your bond as a couple.

Do I need a referral from my primary care manager (PCM) for marriage counseling?

For most Tricare plans, you do not need a referral for outpatient mental health services, however, it's always best to check with your specific plan.

How can we keep things fun and spontaneous in our marriage?

Be open to trying new things and be spontaneous in your everyday life. Plan dates or activities that are out of the norm, even if they are simple. Keep things light and don't be afraid to be silly or playful.

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